1 00:00:01,706 --> 00:00:08,706 Accessible video recordings 2 00:00:11,030 --> 00:00:16,789 This tutorial is about creating accessible videos and video recordings. 3 00:00:16,789 --> 00:00:23,674 When creating an accessible video, there are some things to keep in mind. 4 00:00:23,674 --> 00:00:27,556 Don't worry, it's not that complicated. 5 00:00:27,994 --> 00:00:31,867 But first: what are accessible videos? 6 00:00:31,867 --> 00:00:36,499 They are easy to understand for people with visual and hearing impairments, 7 00:00:36,499 --> 00:00:41,235 so might contain subtitles and an audio description. 8 00:00:41,235 --> 00:00:45,676 They can also be easily accessed and operated. 9 00:00:46,114 --> 00:00:49,163 We will now show you how to plan your video, 10 00:00:49,163 --> 00:00:51,475 and what to be aware of when recording, editing 11 00:00:51,475 --> 00:00:55,486 and adding images and footage. 12 00:00:55,486 --> 00:01:00,482 We provide tips on the audio description, how to easily create subtitles, 13 00:01:00,482 --> 00:01:05,690 and how to post your finished video on Media.UP. 14 00:01:07,640 --> 00:01:10,152 STEP 1: PLANNING THE VIDEO 15 00:01:10,228 --> 00:01:14,657 It is important to consider accessibility as soon as designing the concept. 16 00:01:14,657 --> 00:01:18,180 This shortens and simplifies the subsequent work enormously. 17 00:01:18,279 --> 00:01:22,161 First determine the format and approximate length of your video. 18 00:01:22,161 --> 00:01:25,684 For example, whether it should be short tutorials 19 00:01:25,784 --> 00:01:29,929 or a recorded 90-minute lecture. 20 00:01:29,929 --> 00:01:34,597 Breaking down the content into smaller units 21 00:01:34,597 --> 00:01:41,504 and uploading it in several videos is user-friendly and increases the viewer's attention. 22 00:01:41,504 --> 00:01:46,264 When you have decided on a format, it's best to create a 23 00:01:46,264 --> 00:01:51,351 script or a simple storyboard with the stages of your presentation. 24 00:01:51,351 --> 00:01:55,447 What sequence should the individual elements be presented in? 25 00:01:55,447 --> 00:02:00,328 Check to see if the spoken content fits your time frame. 26 00:02:00,428 --> 00:02:06,748 Ideally, the text should be read aloud and the duration of the presentation measured. 27 00:02:06,748 --> 00:02:11,860 Don't forget to have everything you need for this readily available. 28 00:02:12,693 --> 00:02:18,170 If you want to add presentations, graphs or images, 29 00:02:18,170 --> 00:02:22,110 they should be clearly structured. 30 00:02:22,110 --> 00:02:26,364 You should use high contrast colors, 31 00:02:26,365 --> 00:02:29,390 especially between foreground and background. 32 00:02:29,390 --> 00:02:34,838 Complementary colors such as blue and yellow have a very high contrast. 33 00:02:34,839 --> 00:02:39,650 But be careful to avoid the complementary colors red and green, 34 00:02:39,650 --> 00:02:44,562 because people with a red-green colorblindness cannot see any difference here. 35 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:50,098 For the best possible legibility, use sans serif fonts, 36 00:02:50,098 --> 00:02:53,354 for example Arial or Helvetica. 37 00:02:53,815 --> 00:02:58,052 If possible, do not use images or film excerpts decoratively, 38 00:02:58,052 --> 00:03:01,480 but only when relevant in terms of content. 39 00:03:01,480 --> 00:03:05,000 Make sure to respect the applicable copyrights. 40 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:08,015 You should also avoid content flashing 41 00:03:08,015 --> 00:03:12,471 more than three times in one second. 42 00:03:12,471 --> 00:03:17,945 This can trigger an epileptic seizure in some people. 43 00:03:18,180 --> 00:03:20,783 STEP 2: RECORDING THE VIDEO 44 00:03:20,874 --> 00:03:22,945 Let's get started. 45 00:03:23,013 --> 00:03:27,375 The aspect ratio of your video should be 16:9, 46 00:03:28,275 --> 00:03:32,065 the resolution Full HD or 4K. 47 00:03:32,757 --> 00:03:37,095 Let the camera run for a few seconds before and after the presentation, 48 00:03:37,095 --> 00:03:40,957 so that there is no accidental loss of content. 49 00:03:41,072 --> 00:03:44,727 Assure uniform lighting conditions when filming. 50 00:03:44,727 --> 00:03:50,393 Ideally, you would only use one type of light, daylight or artificial light, 51 00:03:50,393 --> 00:03:54,411 so that the light retains the same intensity and color. 52 00:03:54,412 --> 00:03:58,835 Avoid backlighting, so that your face remains clearly visible. 53 00:03:58,835 --> 00:04:02,537 Choose a fitting frame and a clear background, 54 00:04:02,537 --> 00:04:10,087 that does not distract or visually overwhelm with too many details. 55 00:04:10,087 --> 00:04:14,085 To avoid background noise, close doors and windows 56 00:04:14,085 --> 00:04:16,549 and mute your phone. 57 00:04:16,549 --> 00:04:19,716 Rooms with carpets and curtains are advantageous 58 00:04:19,716 --> 00:04:23,061 as they help to reduce room noise. 59 00:04:23,499 --> 00:04:26,095 Look at the camera while you're speaking. 60 00:04:26,095 --> 00:04:31,702 This will enable people with hearing impairments to read your lips. 61 00:04:31,702 --> 00:04:37,776 Do not exaggerate the movement of your lips, just speak clearly and at a moderate pace. 62 00:04:37,776 --> 00:04:45,651 For better sound quality, use an external microphone and not the one of the camera or your computer. 63 00:04:46,700 --> 00:04:48,874 STEP 3: VIDEO EDITING 64 00:04:48,951 --> 00:04:53,210 After recording, import the material into video editing software. 65 00:04:53,310 --> 00:04:58,307 Employees of the University of Potsdam can use the Camtasia software free of charge. 66 00:04:58,607 --> 00:05:04,681 Below this video you'll find a link and tutorials on how to use Camtasia. 67 00:05:05,296 --> 00:05:10,905 Create a video with the aspect ratio 16:9 using the editing software, 68 00:05:10,905 --> 00:05:13,383 same as in your recording. 69 00:05:13,383 --> 00:05:20,505 Use hard cuts and avoid transition effects, these tend to be distracting. 70 00:05:20,505 --> 00:05:25,753 Put a title at the beginning of your film and an imprint at the end: 71 00:05:25,753 --> 00:05:29,184 Year of creation, person responsible for the video, 72 00:05:29,184 --> 00:05:34,808 potentially copyright notices for images, photos, etc. that were used. 73 00:05:34,808 --> 00:05:37,942 You can now export your video. 74 00:05:37,942 --> 00:05:44,540 The recommended format is the mpeg4 file format with the H.264 coding. 75 00:05:48,106 --> 00:05:50,180 STEP 4: AUDIO DESCRIPTION 76 00:05:50,254 --> 00:05:54,819 In order for your video to be accessible for people with impaired vision, 77 00:05:54,819 --> 00:05:57,720 visual elements must be verbalized. 78 00:05:57,720 --> 00:06:02,686 This is particularly important if they serve more than a decorative purpose, 79 00:06:02,686 --> 00:06:08,011 and the depicted information is required for understanding your lecture. 80 00:06:08,011 --> 00:06:13,003 You can verbalize the images during the recording. 81 00:06:13,003 --> 00:06:14,489 For example: 82 00:06:14,489 --> 00:06:19,277 "I'm showing a photograph of a 19th century loom here." 83 00:06:19,277 --> 00:06:25,033 Or: "This video shows workers leaving the factory." 84 00:06:25,033 --> 00:06:29,088 However, if you use a lot of purely visually accessible material, 85 00:06:29,088 --> 00:06:32,712 you should create an additional video of your presentation, 86 00:06:32,712 --> 00:06:38,252 which contains detailed audio descriptions of all film excerpts and images. 87 00:06:38,252 --> 00:06:41,272 These descriptions should answer the questions: 88 00:06:41,272 --> 00:06:44,997 Who? Where? What? When? 89 00:06:44,997 --> 00:06:48,732 At the same time, the audio description of film excerpts should 90 00:06:48,732 --> 00:06:52,970 impair the perception of the film as little as possible. 91 00:06:52,970 --> 00:06:59,118 In case of a short sequence, its content is best explained in advance. 92 00:06:59,118 --> 00:07:02,689 In case of longer sequences, you should speak in between dialogues, 93 00:07:02,689 --> 00:07:05,889 yet still as synchronously as possible. 94 00:07:05,889 --> 00:07:10,373 Compromises are inevitable here. 95 00:07:10,700 --> 00:07:12,874 STEP 5: SUBTITLES 96 00:07:12,874 --> 00:07:15,451 Your video also needs subtitles. 97 00:07:15,550 --> 00:07:21,027 This requires creating a subtitle file that will be added to your video later. 98 00:07:21,065 --> 00:07:25,602 A subtitle file, in our case an SRT file, 99 00:07:25,602 --> 00:07:29,759 is a plain text file that consists of four parts: 100 00:07:29,759 --> 00:07:34,100 1.) a chronological numbering of the individual subtitles, 101 00:07:34,100 --> 00:07:38,085 2.) a precise timecode that specifies when 102 00:07:38,085 --> 00:07:42,252 the subtitles appear on the screen and then disappear again, 103 00:07:42,252 --> 00:07:45,120 3.) the subtitle itself 104 00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:50,783 and 4.) a blank line that separates one subtitle from the next. 105 00:07:51,152 --> 00:07:55,884 You can create the subtitle file manually in a text editor. 106 00:07:55,884 --> 00:08:00,240 It's important that you adhere exactly to the required format, 107 00:08:00,240 --> 00:08:04,724 that you create the file as pure text without formatting 108 00:08:04,724 --> 00:08:10,198 and finally save the text with the file extension "srt". 109 00:08:10,198 --> 00:08:15,867 The manual option, however, is very complex and prone to errors. 110 00:08:15,867 --> 00:08:20,548 It is much easier to either use special software 111 00:08:20,548 --> 00:08:23,951 or YouTube as a tool. 112 00:08:23,951 --> 00:08:30,777 To do this, a YouTube account is required, which can be set up free of charge. 113 00:08:30,777 --> 00:08:36,126 First, upload your video to YouTube and change the settings to private, 114 00:08:36,126 --> 00:08:38,222 so only you can see it. 115 00:08:38,222 --> 00:08:44,620 Then click on "Edit video" and on "Subtitles" in the list on the left. 116 00:08:44,620 --> 00:08:51,155 Now select the automatically generated subtitles and click on "Edit". 117 00:08:51,155 --> 00:08:55,135 Especially with longer videos it might take a while 118 00:08:55,135 --> 00:08:57,495 before the subtitles are available. 119 00:08:57,495 --> 00:09:03,926 Here you can check the automatically generated subtitles and correct them if necessary. 120 00:09:03,926 --> 00:09:09,276 The speech recognition is quite good, but there are almost always some errors. 121 00:09:09,276 --> 00:09:13,043 Once you are satisfied, select "Publish". 122 00:09:13,297 --> 00:09:15,112 Another notice: 123 00:09:15,112 --> 00:09:20,731 The automated subtitling requires the legal consent of the speakers. 124 00:09:20,731 --> 00:09:28,701 Servers that do not comply with the guidelines of the GDPR are used to process the voice. 125 00:09:28,701 --> 00:09:33,277 You can then download the finished subtitle file. 126 00:09:33,277 --> 00:09:36,062 Select the format srt here. 127 00:09:36,384 --> 00:09:41,022 When naming the file, stick to the following system: 128 00:09:41,022 --> 00:09:47,649 File name - dot - language code - underscore - country code - dot - srt. 129 00:09:47,649 --> 00:09:56,586 For German subtitles this would be: Filename.de_DE.srt. 130 00:09:56,586 --> 00:09:59,639 Pay attention to upper and lower case letters. 131 00:09:59,940 --> 00:10:01,990 STEP 6: UPLOADING THE VIDEO 132 00:10:02,015 --> 00:10:06,155 Now it's almost done. All you have to do is upload your video. 133 00:10:06,355 --> 00:10:11,381 Log in to Media UP and click on the upload symbol. 134 00:10:12,465 --> 00:10:15,931 Now select your video and upload it. 135 00:10:15,931 --> 00:10:18,636 Add a title and a description, 136 00:10:18,636 --> 00:10:23,986 and choose a category to publish your video in. 137 00:10:24,770 --> 00:10:31,738 Then select a thumbnail as cover image of your video. 138 00:10:32,199 --> 00:10:35,160 Next, add your subtitle file. 139 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:42,946 Finalize the uploading process in the next window. 140 00:10:42,970 --> 00:10:47,871 Now you can integrate your video in your Moodle course. 141 00:10:48,071 --> 00:10:52,330 Make sure to add a meaningful short description to the video 142 00:10:52,830 --> 00:10:55,399 and, if available, add a transcript. 143 00:10:56,580 --> 00:10:58,580 CHECKLIST - SUMMARY 144 00:10:58,583 --> 00:11:02,929 I'll briefly summarize what to keep in mind when creating an accessible video: 145 00:11:04,129 --> 00:11:07,851 First, plan the video structure. 146 00:11:07,851 --> 00:11:11,447 Pay attention to the lighting, a neutral background 147 00:11:11,471 --> 00:11:14,850 and your position in the frame when recording. 148 00:11:14,850 --> 00:11:17,509 Verbalize visual content 149 00:11:17,509 --> 00:11:24,598 and pay attention to colors, contrast and legible fonts when using images. 150 00:11:24,598 --> 00:11:29,971 When editing, add a title and an imprint to your video. 151 00:11:29,971 --> 00:11:34,088 Finally, create subtitles for the video. 152 00:11:34,088 --> 00:11:37,364 If you ever encounter technical difficulties, 153 00:11:37,364 --> 00:11:44,004 you may contact the "Zentrum für Informationstechnologie" (short: ZIM).